End of the solar maximum: what awaits Earth in the coming years

Russian astronomers report that the peak of the current solar activity cycle has already passed, and the sun is entering a phase of gradual decline. This was announced by Leonid Ledentsov, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Acting Head of the Solar Physics Department at the Sternberg State Astronomical Institute of Moscow State University.

According to the scientist, although the average duration of the solar cycle is about 11 years, this is only an average value, and the cycle itself is subject to significant variations. Accurately determining the moment of peak activity is a complex task for astrophysicists.

"Apparently, at the moment, the peak of the 25th solar activity cycle has passed, and the decline phase is beginning. If this statement proves to be correct, then the peak of activity occurred in mid-2024," Ledentsov emphasized.

The expert predicts that in the coming years, the Sun's activity will gradually decrease until it reaches a minimum, after which a new, 26th solar activity cycle will begin. It is worth noting that the first recorded cycle began in March 1755, when regular observations of our star began.

Leonid Ledentsov also explained that not every manifestation of solar activity leads to coronal mass ejections, just as not all groups of sunspots cause flares. To affect Earth, a solar ejection must not only occur but also be directed toward our planet. All these factors are taken into account by specialists when making space weather forecasts.

Recall that on the night of May 29, a strong magnetic storm, close to class G3, was recorded on Earth. Magnetic storms are classified on a five-point scale: from G1 (weak) to G5 (extremely strong). Strong geomagnetic disturbances can affect the operation of satellite systems, including GPS, temporarily reducing the accuracy and reliability of navigation.