A method to reduce bone mass loss in women after age 44 has been identified

Hormone therapy during menopause can reduce the risk of bone loss and osteoporosis in women by 69%.

This was shown by a study presented at the annual ENDO 2026 conference.

Scientists analyzed data from 387 postmenopausal women who underwent bone mineral density testing between 2021 and 2025. Postmenopause is a period in a woman's life that occurs after 12 months of complete cessation of menstruation (amenorrhea). Ovarian reproductive function ultimately ceases, which normally occurs between the ages of 44 and 56.

About one-third of the participants received hormone therapy, while the rest did not undergo such treatment.

Hormone therapy typically involves taking medications containing female sex hormones called estrogens or their combination with progestin. After the onset of menopause, estrogen levels drop sharply, which accelerates bone tissue destruction and increases the risk of fractures.

The researchers compared the rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis — conditions in which bones become less dense and more fragile. It was found that women who received hormone therapy had an approximately 69% lower risk of reduced bone mineral density in the spine and femur.

The association persisted even after accounting for age, duration of the postmenopausal period, vitamin D levels, smoking, and other health factors.

The authors note that many women are wary of hormone therapy due to possible side effects. However, the study results show that such treatment can not only alleviate menopause symptoms, including hot flashes and sleep disturbances, but also provide additional bone tissue protection. Further research will be needed for a definitive assessment of the long-term benefits and risks of hormone therapy.