What's really happening with the climate? - Unexpected consequences

In recent decades, scientists have recorded significant changes in Earth's climate. Rising average annual temperatures, increased frequency of extreme weather events, melting glaciers, and ecosystem changes are causing concern among the global community. But what is really happening, and what factors influence climate change?

Temperature Rise

According to NASA and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the average global temperature has increased by approximately 1.2°C since the late 19th century. Scientists identify greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), which trap heat in the atmosphere, as the main cause. The primary sources of these emissions are industry, transportation, and fossil fuel burning.

Extreme Weather Events

The frequency and intensity of natural disasters, such as hurricanes, floods, and droughts, have increased significantly. For example, in recent years, Europe and North America have experienced abnormal heat waves, while some regions of Asia and Africa suffer from floods and devastating storms. These changes threaten food security and ecosystem stability.

Glacier Melting and Sea Level Rise

Arctic and Antarctic glaciers are shrinking at record rates. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), if the current trend continues, global sea levels could rise by 30-60 cm by the end of the century, leading to flooding of coastal cities and changes in ocean currents.

Impact on Ecosystems and People

Climate changes affect biodiversity. Animals and plants are forced to adapt to new conditions or migrate. For example, coral reefs are dying en masse due to rising ocean temperatures, and some bird and mammal species are changing their migration routes. Additionally, climate change affects agriculture, which can lead to food shortages and price increases.

What Can Be Done?

World leaders are developing strategies to reduce carbon emissions. The Paris Agreement, signed in 2015, aims to keep global warming within 1.5°C. To achieve this, countries must implement renewable energy sources, develop environmentally friendly transportation, and improve energy efficiency.

Conclusion

Climate change is a reality that humanity is already facing. Future developments depend on global and local efforts to reduce human negative impact on nature. It's important to recognize the scale of the problem and take action now to avoid catastrophic consequences in the future.